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Ambili S
Active User
Joined: 06 Sep 2007
Posts: 112
Location: India
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I have a declaration as shown below.
05 B PICTURE 99 USAGE DISPLAY VALUE 8.
05 C REDEFINES B PICTURE S99 USAGE COMPUTATIONAL-4.
05 A PICTURE S99 USAGE COMPUTATIONAL-4.
ADD C TO A .
The below explanation says the output is -48 , but couldn't make out how.
The value -48 is added to A (because C has USAGE COMPUTATIONAL-4)
because the bit configuration (truncated to 2 decimal digits) in the storage area has the binary value -48.
I couldn't understand how the output -48 was obtained.
Could somebody please explain. |
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pawaria
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Joined: 06 Apr 2006
Posts: 7
Location: Noida
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| First initialized the COMP-4 variable and then see what results you get.. |
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Ambili S
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Joined: 06 Sep 2007
Posts: 112
Location: India
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| i don't have access to mainframe , i came across this in a manual. Could not understand how the output was -48 , hence posted it in forum. |
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Robert Sample
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Joined: 06 Jun 2008
Posts: 8697
Location: Dubuque, Iowa, USA
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| The internal representation of B is x'F0F8'. When this is redefined as a binary (COMP-4) variable, the value is -3848. Note: although you did not specify, TRUNC(BIN) is not the compiler option or the results would be different. Since TRUNC(BIN) is not specified, the value of C is truncated to match the picture size, so -3848 becomes -48. |
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Ambili S
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Joined: 06 Sep 2007
Posts: 112
Location: India
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Hi Robert , the bit configuration for B , which has value '8' would be
1111 0000 1111 1000 (F0F8) but in comp-4 how is it -3848 ? |
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Robert Sample
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Joined: 06 Jun 2008
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Location: Dubuque, Iowa, USA
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| Binary numbers are stored as two's complement values so the first bit indicates the sign (0 is positive, 1 is negative) while the rest are the value. 1111 0000 1111 1000 is converted to a decimal value by flipping each bit (giving 0000 1111 0000 0111) and adding 1 (giving 0000 1111 0000 1000). This is 15 times 256 or 3,840 plus 8, which is 3848 -- and since the first bit was a 1, the value is -3848. |
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Ambili S
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Joined: 06 Sep 2007
Posts: 112
Location: India
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| Thanks Robert , that was really helpful. |
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Marso
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Joined: 13 Mar 2006
Posts: 1353
Location: Israel
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You can also check by yourself by using the windows calculator (CALC.EXE)
1. Set Calc in Scientific mode
2. Set display in Dec mode (radiobutton or F6)
3. Enter 3848 then "+/-" to make it -3848
4. Set display in Hex mode (radiobutton or F5)
5. Set format to Word (radiobutton or F3)
You will then see F0F8
To make the calculation, you can use the following method:
1. Set Calc in Scientific mode
2. Set display in Hex mode (radiobutton or F5)
3. Set format to Dword (radiobutton or F2)
4. Calculate 10000 - F0F8 =. Result shows F08
5. Set display in Dec mode (radiobutton or F6)
You will then see 3848. It doesn't show, but you know that it's a negative number. |
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